{"id":254,"date":"2019-06-28T12:29:19","date_gmt":"2019-06-28T11:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/?p=254"},"modified":"2019-06-29T09:48:58","modified_gmt":"2019-06-29T08:48:58","slug":"lean-hamburger","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/lean-hamburger\/","title":{"rendered":"Lean Hamburger"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lean Hamburrger est un restaurant fastfood servant des\nhamburgers parmi d\u2019autres produits. Le restaurant affirme que la teneur moyenne\nen graisse des hamburgers est de 15 grammes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00e9cemment, quelques clients se sont plaints aupr\u00e8s du\nresponsable du fast food&nbsp; que la teneur\nen graisse des hamburgers semblait \u00eatre sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de 15 grammes\nr\u00e9clam\u00e9e par le restaurant. Le responsable souhaite utiliser des intervalles de\nconfiance de 95% pour v\u00e9rifier si la r\u00e9clamation du restaurant de 15 grammes\n(moyenne) de graisse dans les hamburgers est correcte. Il souhaite \u00e9galement\nv\u00e9rifier son hypoth\u00e8se selon laquelle l&#8217;\u00e9cart type de la teneur en graisse est\ninf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 1 gramme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase de mesure<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On s\u00e9lectionne au hasard 20 hamburgers et mesure la teneur\nen mati\u00e8res grasses (en grammes) dans chacun d\u2019entre eux de la mani\u00e8re\nsuivante: , 15,6, 13,5, 14,0, 16,5, 19,0 et 18,6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Graisse\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  15,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  12,3\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  15,4\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  16,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  15,9\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  17,1\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  16,9\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  14,3\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  19,1\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  18,2\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  18,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  16,3\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  20\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  19\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  15,6\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  13,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  14\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  16,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  19\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  18,6\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  &nbsp;\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM11.png 576w, https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM11-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM11-272x182.png 272w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il souhaite \u00e9galement v\u00e9rifier si les donn\u00e9es sont\nnormalement distribu\u00e9es avant de s&#8217;appuyer sur l&#8217;intervalle de confiance. Pour\nse faire <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"605\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM22.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM22.png 605w, https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/IM22-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test et limites de confiance pour 1 variance : Graisse<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9thode<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  \u03c3: \u00e9cart type de Graisse\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  La m\u00e9thode de Bonett est valide\n  pour toute loi de distribution continue.\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  La m\u00e9thode du Khi deux est valide\n  uniquement pour la loi normale.\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statistiques descriptives<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  N\n  <\/td><td>\n  EcTyp\n  <\/td><td>\n  Variance\n  <\/td><td>\n  Borne\n  sup\u00e9rieure<br>\n  \u00e0 95% pour \u03c3<br>\n  utilisant Bonett\n  <\/td><td>\n  Borne\n  sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0<br>\n  95% pour \u03c3<br>\n  utilisant Khi deux\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  20\n  <\/td><td>\n  2,11\n  <\/td><td>\n  4,43\n  <\/td><td>\n  2,81\n  <\/td><td>\n  2,89\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avant de passer \u00e0 la phase d\u2019am\u00e9lioration, le patron\nsouhaite v\u00e9rifier le nombre de clients insatisfaits. \u00c0 cette fin, il\ns\u00e9lectionne au hasard 1 000 clients qui ont achet\u00e9 des hamburgers et constate\nque 83 d\u2019entre eux sont m\u00e9contents de la qualit\u00e9 des aliments. Il construit\nensuite un intervalle de confiance pour la proportion de tous les clients\ninsatisfaits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test et IC pour 1 proportion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9thode<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  p&nbsp;: proportion d&#8217;\u00e9v\u00e9nement\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  La m\u00e9thode de l&#8217;approximation\n  selon la loi normale est utilis\u00e9e pour cette analyse.\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statistiques descriptives<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  N\n  <\/td><td>\n  Ev\u00e9nement\n  <\/td><td>\n  P\n  \u00e9chantillon\n  <\/td><td>\n  Borne<br>\n  sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0<br>\n  95% pour p\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  1000\n  <\/td><td>\n  83\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,083000\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,097350\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Hypoth\u00e8se nulle\n  <\/td><td>\n  H\u2080&nbsp;: p = 0,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  Hypoth\u00e8se alternative\n  <\/td><td>\n  H\u2081&nbsp;: p &lt; 0,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test et IC pour 1 proportion<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9thode<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  p&nbsp;: proportion d&#8217;\u00e9v\u00e9nement\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  La m\u00e9thode de l&#8217;approximation\n  selon la loi normale est utilis\u00e9e pour cette analyse.\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statistiques descriptives<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  N\n  <\/td><td>\n  Ev\u00e9nement\n  <\/td><td>\n  P\n  \u00e9chantillon\n  <\/td><td>\n  Borne<br>\n  sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0<br>\n  95% pour p\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  1000\n  <\/td><td>\n  83\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,083000\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,097350\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Hypoth\u00e8se nulle\n  <\/td><td>\n  H\u2080&nbsp;: p = 0,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  Hypoth\u00e8se alternative\n  <\/td><td>\n  H\u2081&nbsp;: p &lt; 0,5\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase d&#8217;analyse<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le patron analyse le processus et d\u00e9couvre que la teneur en\ngraisse et ses variations sont fortement influenc\u00e9es par la quantit\u00e9 d&#8217;huile\nutilis\u00e9e par les employ\u00e9s sur les trois diff\u00e9rentes grilles utilis\u00e9es pour la\nfabrication des hamburgers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Phase d\u2019am\u00e9lioration<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le patron normalise le processus de sorte que l\u2019utilisation\nde l\u2019huile sur les trois diff\u00e9rentes grilles soit contr\u00f4l\u00e9e. Une machine\nautomatique est achet\u00e9e et install\u00e9e pour distribuer de l&#8217;huile sur un gril\nchaque fois qu&#8217;un hamburger est fabriqu\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afin de v\u00e9rifier si le processus s&#8217;est vraiment am\u00e9lior\u00e9, le\nresponsable des op\u00e9rations s\u00e9lectionne au hasard 20 hamburgers et mesure la\nteneur en mati\u00e8res grasses (en grammes) dans chacun d&#8217;entre eux de la mani\u00e8re\nsuivante: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">14,9 15,0 15,4 15,3 15,2 15,1 14,9 14,8 15,6 14,5 15,3 15,8\n15,0 15,0 14,3 15,3 15,2 14,7 15,1 14,7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On proc\u00e8de au test statistique suivant et on obtient les r\u00e9sultats\nsuivants&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test T \u00e0 2 \u00e9chantillons et IC : avant; apr\u00e9s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9thode<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  \u03bc\u2081&nbsp;: moyenne de avant\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  \u00b5\u2082&nbsp;: moyenne de apr\u00e9s\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  Diff\u00e9rence&nbsp;: \u03bc\u2081 &#8211; \u00b5\u2082\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Les\nvariances ne sont pas suppos\u00e9es \u00e9gales pour cette analyse.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statistiques descriptives<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Echantillon\n  <\/td><td>\n  N\n  <\/td><td>\n  Moyenne\n  <\/td><td>\n  EcTyp\n  <\/td><td>\n  ErT<br>\n  moyenne\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  avant\n  <\/td><td>\n  20\n  <\/td><td>\n  16,61\n  <\/td><td>\n  2,11\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,47\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  apr\u00e9s\n  <\/td><td>\n  20\n  <\/td><td>\n  15,055\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,359\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,080\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estimation de la diff\u00e9rence<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Diff\u00e9rence\n  <\/td><td>\n  IC \u00e0 95%<br>\n  pour la<br>\n  diff\u00e9rence\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  1,555\n  <\/td><td>\n  (0,559;\n  2,551)\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Test<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Hypoth\u00e8se nulle\n  <\/td><td>\n  H\u2080&nbsp;: \u03bc\u2081 &#8211; \u00b5\u2082 = 0\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  Hypoth\u00e8se alternative\n  <\/td><td>\n  H\u2081&nbsp;: \u03bc\u2081 &#8211; \u00b5\u2082 \u2260 0\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n<table class=\"wp-block-table\"><tbody><tr><td>\n  Valeur<br>\n  de T\n  <\/td><td>\n  DL\n  <\/td><td>\n  Valeur<br>\n  de P\n  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n  3,26\n  <\/td><td>\n  20\n  <\/td><td>\n  0,004\n  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lean Hamburrger est un restaurant fastfood servant des hamburgers parmi d\u2019autres produits. Le restaurant affirme que la teneur moyenne en graisse des hamburgers est de 15 grammes. R\u00e9cemment, quelques clients se sont plaints aupr\u00e8s du responsable du fast food&nbsp; que la teneur en graisse des hamburgers semblait \u00eatre sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de 15 grammes r\u00e9clam\u00e9e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=254"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":368,"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254\/revisions\/368"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=254"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/excelop.net\/exo\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}